{"id":1382,"date":"2017-06-01T15:30:11","date_gmt":"2017-06-01T14:30:11","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/studiodust.nl\/?p=1382"},"modified":"2017-09-15T11:41:25","modified_gmt":"2017-09-15T10:41:25","slug":"3-2-case-studies","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/studiodust.nl\/?p=1382","title":{"rendered":"3.2 CASE STUDIES"},"content":{"rendered":"
>>> NEXT CHAPTER<\/strong><\/a> <<<PREVIOUS PAGE<\/a> >TABLE OF CONTENTS<<\/a><\/pre>\n
3.2 CASE STUDIES
\n<\/strong><\/span>This research examined two case studies: the \u2018Stadslab Luchtkwaliteit\u2019 city lab and \u2018Zero Footprint Campus\u2019. What are the circumstances of these city labs?<\/p>\n
INITIAL START OF THE LAB<\/span><\/p>\n
–Stadslab Luchtkwaliteit<\/a>:<\/strong>
\nStadslab Luchtkwaliteit started organically. In 2014, the municipality of Rotterdam issued an open call to locals for ideas regarding the bad air quality in Rotterdam. Locals (experts, non-experts) started to share ideas and knowledge and decided to join forces because of a lack of response by the municipality after the open call. \u2018Stadslab Luchtkwaliteit\u2019 started as a city lab in order to catalyze a change and improve the ideas and designs.<\/p>\n
\"\"<\/a>Ideas for improving the Air Quality vary in the Lab. For example, experimenting with the effects of plants and moss on Air Quality. Image Source: http:\/\/www.resilientrotterdam.nl\/en\/initiatieven\/city-lab-for-clean-air\/<\/a><\/span><\/em><\/p>\n
–Zero Footprint Campus<\/a>:<\/strong>
\nAfter an initial, two-year cooperation with individual projects, Cynthia Hathaway (initiator of the lab and designer) and Melle Smets (initiator of the lab and artist), along with Utrecht University and its campus, decided to upscale. They invited other artists to realize artistic research at the campus and connect science to art.<\/p>\n
\"\"<\/a>Start Zero Footprint Campus; Barn Raising 11 October 2016; Build up of the Department of Search-pavilion. Image source: http:\/\/www.zerofootprintcampus.nl\/2016\/10\/14\/paviljoen-department-of-search-is-gehesen\/<\/a><\/span><\/em><\/p>\n
COOPERATION IN AND BEYOND THE LAB<\/span>
\n<\/span><\/em>Because of its unintentional character, Stadslab Luchtkwaliteit<\/strong> has engaged a wide variety of people who vary in age, educational background, and profession. This hybridity also has an impact on the network and cooperation with external partners. Kirsten Kentler (member of Stadslab Luchtkwaliteit, interaction designer and design educator) described the importance of a wide variety of people operating in the lab because it allows for different opinions and therefore also for critical questions that aren\u2019t asked in a uniform expert environment. \u201cThe notion that we disagree with one another in the lab makes me question more. So I call the experts. But it is easier to connect to them and get an appointment with a bigger group of people.\u201d (Kentler, 2017) Marieke de Keijzer (initiator Stadslab Luchtkwaliteit and landscape architect) described the lab as an independent context in which cooperation creates a canvas for reflection that can ask critical questions to the outside world. \u201cI get the input from people and Internet. But this requires me to be trained, to be very critical. It bothers me that a lot of people hear and read stuff about dust, for example, and simply accept it as the truth.\u201d (De Keijzer, 2017) They both described the value of a learning network.<\/p>\n
\"\"<\/a> Lunch at a high traffic street in Rotterdam in order to discuss the impact of fine dust on our health. By situating projects in \u2018the City\u2019 it connects to various other citizens.\u00a0photo Leon Richard Okt. 2015 source: https:\/\/www.stadslabluchtkwaliteit.nl\/portfolio\/fijn-stof-lunch\/<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n
Zero Footprint Campus<\/strong> has a core of expert artists working together with expert scientists from the university. In this cooperative process, \u2018the others\u2019 are deliberately integrated. Cynthia Hathaway included, for instance, \u2018others\u2019 such as amateur felters in her project, \u2018<\/em>Sweat(er) Shop\u2018. In the project<\/em>, <\/em>a community of students, hobbyists, and academics felt a new university sweater with wool from local \u2018campus\u2019 sheep. She curates unconventional cooperation. She describes this process as a strategy to create \u2018disruptive interventions\u2019. She sets up the circumstances for co-operation and designs the process. This can\u2019t be developed on a drawing table and it isn\u2019t mouldable. It is action research, she explained, to put things into a \u2018space of reality, daily life\u2019, and to respond to the given feedback. This can only be done if you have taken the time to know the people and know your way around.<\/p>\n
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\n‘Sweat(er) Shop\u2018; project by Hathaway to felt a university Sweater from local sheep, with the academic community, hobbyist, and artists. source: zeroFootPrintCampus\u00a0<\/a> April 2016<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n
COMMON PURPOSE IN THE LAB
\n<\/span>The topic of Stadslab Luchtkwaliteit<\/strong> is very specific: air quality. This makes it possible to transcend various boundaries and differences. Marieke de Keijzer explained that simply having a common interest isn\u2019t sufficient for creating solutions for bad air quality as it leaves too much space for only talking rather then acting. Getting to solutions require cooperation in various levels; talking, doing, reflecting etc. It requires being able to be specific as well as a generalist in order to develop this common interest into a fruitful cooperation. She explained that, because she is a landscape architect, she has a broad perspective and can therefore recognize commonalities as well as what can be gained from cooperation.<\/p>\n
Zero Footprint Campus<\/strong> has a strong ecological vision. The initiators are very much aware of the importance of a commonality of purpose. Cynthia Hathaway \u2019united\u2019 in quite a few projects using knowledge of amateurs to experts. This experience made her realize the importance of what she calls a \u2018Commonality of Purpose\u2019 and that it isn\u2019t evident to find. There is a role for designers to play in allowing people to find this commonality. She explained that it requires understanding your role, and that you can be instrumental. And emphasized acknowledging the \u2018hobbyist\u2019 in the process, and that she sees her role as opening the fa\u00e7ade of the expert to \u2018the others\u2019. She underlined the importance of the role of designers within cooperation\u2019s.<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/em>Designers can also facilitate in materializing the common ground for people in order to find and discuss their common purpose. Guido Marsille (member of zero Footprint Campus and designer) is experimenting with \u2019Van Blankensteyn\u2019 Soapmaker within the Zero Footprint Campus. I consider him a Pro-Am \u2018chemist\u2019. He is developing organic soap, including its factory, using local food waste as ingredients (see appendix). The project is developed together with students and scientists from the campus. He started the project by sharing his washing machine with others and creating a physical \u2018washing\u2019 space people could use, resulting in people talking to each other and finding common interests due to the materialized washing space.<\/p>\n
NON-EXPERT ATTITUDE OF THE LAB
\n<\/span>In the research, I discovered that both city labs use the notion of \u2018being a non-expert\u2019 as an attitude of the lab. Members of Stadslab Luchtkwaliteit<\/strong> have an open and critical curiosity. The lab questions instead of giving answers and therefore never claims to have THE solution. Because they are not purporting to have the answers, it creates an open space for expert air quality institutions to think differently; it opens up new possibilities, new knowledge, and new connections. Kirsten Kentler for example plays with insecurity. She understands that her na\u00efve questions can be valuable for the experts, but she can only ask them if she is really informed herself. She said that kind of \u201cinsecurity is liberating but constraining at the same time\u201d in a design process. But by being aware, it can be instrumental. \u201cIt is good to realize the importance of insecurity. \u2026 are my questions not na\u00efve? After I gained a huge amount of knowledge, then I was able to ask these na\u00efve questions again. … My role as a designer is to realize that these na\u00efve questions have a huge value, and is an import attitude.” (Kentler, 2017)<\/p>\n
\"\"<\/a>StadslabLuchtkwaliteit organized several \u2018Expert\u2019 Meetings about Fine Dust and invited both expert as well as non-experts.\u00a0 Meeting about \u2018Measuring Fine Dust\u2019 with amongst others experts on the topic like RIVM; Top image: \u2018Fine Dust and the impact on our health\u2019 at Erasmus Academic Hospital Lung Department including experts from various disciplines and non-experts.
\nsource: https:\/\/www.stadslabluchtkwaliteit.nl\/portfolio\/expert-bijeenkomst-erasmus-ziekenhuis\/
\n<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n
The urgency of ecological issues demands a wider perspective to generate better questions and new knowledge. This needs to be provoked. Zero Footprint Campus<\/strong> is, for example, proposing the \u2018this leads to nothing\u2019 idea; this allows for \u2018search\u2019 rather then \u2018re-search\u2019. They very deliberately use the idea of generating \u2018no result\u2019, but \u2018just doing something\u2019, \u2018working on nothing important\u2019. This notion is used as a radical-design on all graphic elements for example at their website.<\/p>\n
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\n-website Zero Footprint Campus- source: http:\/\/www.zerofootprintcampus.nl\/en\/<\/a> April 2016<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n
CONCLUSION
\n<\/span>Both city labs provide insights into the circumstances of the city lab and can be an inspirational base for design education to understand how they could play a vital role in creating learning networks in co-creation with society. The following circumstances are important to consider: First he process is important and could be considered to be a product, as well. Second designers are able to guide the processes and unite people in finding their common purpose in order to cooperate; they play an important role in the lab. Third tangible topics create a common purpose and designer can materialize these topics. Lastly managing expectations in the lab (claiming to be a non-expert) is important, because it allows the outcomes to be beneficial, critically question, link unusual \u2018suspects\u2019, and therefore provide the setting for new knowledge creation.<\/p>\n
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>>> NEXT CHAPTER <<<PREVIOUS PAGE >TABLE OF CONTENTS< 3.2 CASE STUDIES This research examined two case studies: the \u2018Stadslab Luchtkwaliteit\u2019 city lab and \u2018Zero Footprint Campus\u2019. What are the circumstances of these city labs? INITIAL START OF THE LAB –Stadslab Luchtkwaliteit: Stadslab Luchtkwaliteit started organically. In 2014, the municipality of Rotterdam issued an open call … <\/p>\n
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